ریاست جموں کشمیر کے تنازعہ کے متعلق اقوام متحدہ کی سلامتی کونسل میں "اقوامِ متحدہ کمیشن برائے انڈیا و پاکستان" کی جانب سے پہلی قراردار جو کہ 13 اگست 1948 کو منظور کی گئی۔ اس قراردار میں باشندگان جموں کشمیر کے بنیادی حق، حقِ خودارادیت کو غیر مشروط طور پر تسلیم کیا گیا تھا۔ اور وہی بنیادی طور پر یومِ حق خودارادیت ہے۔ اس قراردار کے بعد 5 اگست 1949 کو پاکستان اور انڈیا کے نمائندگان کی ایماء پر قراردار پاس کر کے "حقِ خودارادیت کو "مشروط" کر کے الحاقِ ہندوستان یا الحاقِ پاکستان کی حد تک محدود کر دیا گیا تھا۔
قرارداد کو تین حصوں میں تقسیم کیا گیا تھا،
پہلا حصہ "سیزفائر آرڈر" کے متعلق ہے جس کے تحت دونوں ممالک کو جہاں پر موجود ہیں وہیں پر رک جانے کا حکم جاری کیا۔
دوسرا حصہ معاہدہ جنگ بندی کے متعلق ہے کہ دونوں ممالک کی افواج کے سربراہان اور حکومتیں جنگ بندی کریں گی اور اپنے اپنے جتھوں پر کنٹرول رکھیں گی وغیرہ۔ پاکستان کو پابند کیا گیا کہ وہ اپنی افواج اور قبائلی گروہوں اور ان افراد کو جو کہ غیر ریاستی ہیں۔ ان سب کو ریاست جموں کشمیر اے انخلاء کرے گا۔ اس کے بعد انڈیا اپنی فوج کا بتدریج ریاست سے انخلاء کرے گا۔
تیسرا حصہ انتہائی اہم ہے کہ جس میں دونوں ممالک کے نمائندگام نے عہد کیا کہ ریاست جموں کشمیر کے مستقبل کا فیصلہ ریاست کی عوام کی آزاد منشاء، خواہش اور رضامندی سے ہی ہو گا۔ اس میں ایسی کوئی شرط نہیں تھی کہ فیصلہ صرف دونوں میں سے کسی ایک ملک کے ساتھ الحاق کی صورت میں ہو گا۔
آج 13 اگست کو ہم "یومِ حقِ خودارادیت" کے طور پر مناتے ہیں اور اس پہلی قراردار کو ہی حقیقی قرارداد تسلیم کرتے ہیں۔ قراردار کا متن انگریزی زبان میں من و عن درج کیا گیا ہے۔
Resolution adopted by the United Nations Commission for India and Pakistan on 13 August 1948.
(Document No.1100, Para. 75, dated the 9th November, 1948).
THE UNITED NATIONS COMMISSION FOR INDIA AND PAKISTAN
Having given careful consideration to the points of view expressed by the Representatives, of India and Pakistan regarding the situation in the State of Jammu and Kashmir, and Being of the opinion that the prompt cessation of hostilities and the correction of conditions the continuance of which is likely to endanger international peace and security are essential to implementation of its endeavours to assist the Governments of India and Pakistan in effecting a final settlement of the situation, Resolves to submit simultaneously to the Governments of India and Pakistan the following proposal:
PART I
CEASE-FIRE ORDER
[A] The Governments of India and Pakistan agree that their respective High Commands will issue separately and simultaneously a cease-fire order to apply to all forces under their control in the State of Jammu and Kashmir as of the earliest practicable date or dates to be mutually agreed upon within four days after these proposals have been accepted by both Governments.
[B] The High Commands of Indian and Pakistan forces agree to refrain from taking any measures that might augment the military potential of the forces under their control in the State of Jammu and Kashmir. (For the purpose of these proposals '-forces under their control" shall be considered to include all forces, organised and unorganised, fighting or participating in hostilities on their respective
sides).
[C] The Commanders-in-Chief of the Forces of India and Pakistan shall promptly confer regarding any necessary local changes in present dispositions which may facilitate the cease-fire.
[D] In its discretion, and as the Commission may find practicable, the Commission will appoint military observers who under the authority of the Commission and with the co-operation of both Commands will supervise the observance of the cease-fire order.
[E] The Government of India and the Government of Pakistan agree to appeal to their respective peoples to assist in creating and maintaining an atmosphere favourable to the promotion of further negotiations.
PART II
TRUCE AGREEMENT
Simultaneously with the acceptance of the proposal for the immediate cessation of hostilities as outlined in Part I, both Governments accept the following principles as a basis for the formulation of a truce agreement, the details of which shall be worked out in discussion between their Representatives and the Commission.
A.
(1) As the presence of troops of Pakistan in the territory of the State of Jammu and Kashmir constitutes a material change in the situation since it was represented by the Government of Pakistan before the Security Council, the Government of Pakistan agrees to withdraw its troops from that State.
(2) The Government of Pakistan will use its best endeavour to secure the withdrawal from the State of Jammu and Kashmir of tribesmen and Pakistan nationals not normally resident therein who have entered the State for the purpose of fighting.
(3) Pending a final solution the territory evacuated by the Pakistan troops will be administered by the local authorities under the surveillance of the Commission.
B.
(1) When the Commission shall have notified the Government of India that the tribesmen and Pakistan nationals referred to in Part II A2 hereof have withdrawn, thereby terminating the situation which was represented by the Government of India to the Security Council as having occasioned the presence of Indian forces in the State of Jammu and Kashmir, and further, that the Pakistan forces are being withdrawn from the State of Jammu and Kashmir, the Government of India agrees to begin to withdraw the bulk of their forces from the State in stages to be agreed upon with the Commission.
(2) Pending the acceptance of the conditions for a final settlement of the situation in the State of Jammu and Kashmir, the Indian Government will maintain within the lines existing at the moment of cease-fire the minimum strength of its forces which in agreement with the Commission are considered necessary to assist local authorities in the observance of law and order. The Commission will have observers stationed where it deems necessary.
(3) The Government of India will undertake to ensure that the Government of the State of Jammu and Kashmir will take all measures within their power to make it publicly known that peace, law and order will be safeguarded and that all human and political rights will be guaranteed.
C.
(1) Upon signature, the full text of the Truce Agreement or communique containing the
principles thereof as agreed upon between the two Governments and the Commission, will be made public.
PART III
The Government of India and the Government of Pakistan reaffirm their wish that the future status of the State of Jammu and Kashmir shall be determined in accordance with the will of the people and to that end, upon acceptance of the Truce Agreement both Governments agree to enter into consultations with the Commission to determine fair and equitable conditions whereby such free expression will be assured.
The UNCIP unanimously adopted this Resolution on 13-8-1948.
Members of the Commission: Argentina, Belgium, Colombia, Czechoslovakia and U.S.A
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